Glossary of Terms Assstive Technologies for Cognitive Augmentation

Glossary of Terms	Definitions	Examples
Alternative Input	In assistive technologies, a different way of accomplishing the same task.	Allow individuals to control their computers through means other than a standard keyboard or pointing device.
Alternative Output
Attention	Is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things?	Notice taken of someone or something; the regarding of someone or something as interesting or important.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	Is a condition in which a person has trouble paying attention and focusing on tasks, tends to act without thinking, and has trouble sitting still?	Trouble paying attention. Trouble sitting still for even a short time. Acting before thinking.
Cerebral Vascular Accident	Is damage to the brain caused by a disruption of the blood supply to a part of the brain?	stroke
Cognitive Prosthesis	Any tool that helps you remember things or think better.	A clock or calculator
Dementia	Is a decline of mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning, and memory?	is the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning that is severe enough to interfere with a person's daily functioning
Developmental Disabilities	Is a diverse group of severe chronic conditions that are due to mental and/or physical impairments?	Severe and long term problems.
Encoding	The process of putting a sequence of characters (letters, numbers, punctuation, and certain symbols) into a specialized digital format for efficient.	Store and recall information.
Generalization	Of a concept is an extension of the concept to less-specific criteria. It is a foundational element of logic and human reasoning	The process of responding to a stimulus similar to but distinct from the conditioned stimulus
Information Processing	Is a model describing how humans think critically?	The acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information.
Intellectual Disabilities	Is a below-average cognitive ability with three (3) characteristics: Intelligent quotient (or I.Q.) is between 70-75?	Mental retardation
Media Presentation	Differs from a normal presentation in that it contains some form of animation or media	is a message that uses multimedia
Memory	The process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.	The mental capacity or faculty of retaining and reviving facts, events, impressions, etc., or of recalling or recognizing previous information.
Mild Cognitive Disabilities	Is used interchangeably with intellectual or developmental disability?	An intermediate stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious decline of dementia.
Problem Solving	Consists of using generic or ad hoc methods, in an orderly manner, for finding solutions to problems.	Is related to other terms such as thinking, reasoning, decision making, critical thinking, and creativity?
Prompting	Procedures include any help given to learners that assist them in using a specific skill.	strategies used to increase the probability of correct responding and opportunities for positive reinforcement for
Smart House	Boasts the latest in home technology coupled with eco-friendly features and energy-efficient design.	Technology coupled with eco-friendly features and energy-efficient design.
Stimuli Control	are events in the environment that influence behavior	Is a term used to describe situations in which a behavior is triggered by the presence or absence of some stimulus?
Traumatic Brain Injury	An external mechanical force causes brain dysfunction.	Injury is defined as damage to the brain resulting from external mechanical force, such as rapid acceleration or deceleration, impact.
Vigilance	The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.	abnormal state or condition of being unable to sleep